Android User Activity Recognition – Still, Walking, Running, Driving

1 Giới thiệu

• Trước đây ta có thể sử dụng LocationClient, ActivityRecognitionApi nhưng hiện tại đã bị deprecated. Ta có thể dùng ActivityRecognitionClient để thực hiện việc nhận diện hành động của người dùng.

ActivityRecognitionClient mActivityRecognitionClient = new ActivityRecognitionClient(this);
 
Task<Void> task = mActivityRecognitionClient.requestActivityUpdates(
            Constants.DETECTION_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS,
            mPendingIntent);
 
ActivityRecognitionResult result = ActivityRecognitionResult.extractResult(intent);
ArrayList<DetectedActivity> detectedActivities = (ArrayList) result.getProbableActivities();
 
for (DetectedActivity activity : detectedActivities) {
     Log.e(TAG, "Detected activity: " + activity.getType() + ", " + activity.getConfidence());
}

2. Setup project

• Setup build.gradle

build.gradle
dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0'
    //...
 
    compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:11.6.0'
}

• Tạo file Constants.java

Constants.java
 
public class Constants {
 
    public static final String BROADCAST_DETECTED_ACTIVITY = "activity_intent";
 
    static final long DETECTION_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS = 30 * 1000;
 
    public static final int CONFIDENCE = 70;
}

• Tạo file DetectedActivitiesIntentService.java và extend IntentService

DetectedActivitiesIntentService.java
 
import android.app.IntentService;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager;
import android.util.Log;
 
import com.google.android.gms.location.ActivityRecognitionResult;
import com.google.android.gms.location.DetectedActivity;
 
import java.util.ArrayList;
 
public class DetectedActivitiesIntentService  extends IntentService {
 
    protected static final String TAG = DetectedActivitiesIntentService.class.getSimpleName();
 
    public DetectedActivitiesIntentService() {
        // Use the TAG to name the worker thread.
        super(TAG);
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
    }
 
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    @Override
    protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
        ActivityRecognitionResult result = ActivityRecognitionResult.extractResult(intent);
 
        // Get the list of the probable activities associated with the current state of the
        // device. Each activity is associated with a confidence level, which is an int between
        // 0 and 100.
        ArrayList<DetectedActivity> detectedActivities = (ArrayList) result.getProbableActivities();
 
        for (DetectedActivity activity : detectedActivities) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Detected activity: " + activity.getType() + ", " + activity.getConfidence());
            broadcastActivity(activity);
        }
    }
 
    private void broadcastActivity(DetectedActivity activity) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Constants.BROADCAST_DETECTED_ACTIVITY);
        intent.putExtra("type", activity.getType());
        intent.putExtra("confidence", activity.getConfidence());
        LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).sendBroadcast(intent);
    }
}

• Ta cần phải tạo một background service khác để nhận những kết quả nhận diện hành động của người dùng BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService.java

import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
 
import com.google.android.gms.location.ActivityRecognitionClient;
import com.google.android.gms.tasks.OnFailureListener;
import com.google.android.gms.tasks.OnSuccessListener;
import com.google.android.gms.tasks.Task;
 
public class BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService extends Service {
    private static final String TAG = BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService.class.getSimpleName();
 
    private Intent mIntentService;
    private PendingIntent mPendingIntent;
    private ActivityRecognitionClient mActivityRecognitionClient;
 
    IBinder mBinder = new BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService.LocalBinder();
 
    public class LocalBinder extends Binder {
        public BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService getServerInstance() {
            return BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService.this;
        }
    }
 
    public BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService() {
 
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        mActivityRecognitionClient = new ActivityRecognitionClient(this);
        mIntentService = new Intent(this, DetectedActivitiesIntentService.class);
        mPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(this, 1, mIntentService, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
        requestActivityUpdatesButtonHandler();
    }
 
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return mBinder;
    }
 
    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
        return START_STICKY;
    }
 
    public void requestActivityUpdatesButtonHandler() {
        Task<Void> task = mActivityRecognitionClient.requestActivityUpdates(
                Constants.DETECTION_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS,
                mPendingIntent);
 
        task.addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(Void result) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                        "Successfully requested activity updates",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                        .show();
            }
        });
 
        task.addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                        "Requesting activity updates failed to start",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                        .show();
            }
        });
    }
 
    public void removeActivityUpdatesButtonHandler() {
        Task<Void> task = mActivityRecognitionClient.removeActivityUpdates(
                mPendingIntent);
        task.addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(Void result) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),
                        "Removed activity updates successfully!",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                        .show();
            }
        });
 
        task.addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Failed to remove activity updates!",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
    }
 
    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        removeActivityUpdatesButtonHandler();
    }
}

• Ta cần permission để thực hiện việc nhận diện hành vi của người dùng

AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
...
 
    <uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.gms.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION" />
 
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
 
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
 
         
        <service
            android:name=".DetectedActivitiesIntentService"
            android:exported="false" />
 
        <service android:name=".BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService"></service>
    </application>
 
</manifest>

3. Hiển thị hành vi nhận diện

• Tạo activity main như sau:

activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_awidth="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:padding="16dp">
 
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_awidth="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:orientation="vertical">
 
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/img_activity"
            android:layout_awidth="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="200dp"
            android:tint="#606060" />
 
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/txt_activity"
            android:layout_awidth="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:textAllCaps="true"
            android:textColor="@color/colorPrimary"
            android:textSize="18dp"
            android:textStyle="bold" />
 
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/txt_confidence"
            android:layout_awidth="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
            android:textAllCaps="true"
            android:textSize="14dp" />
 
    </LinearLayout>
 
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_start_tracking"
        android:layout_awidth="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:text="Start Tracking" />
 
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_stop_tracking"
        android:layout_awidth="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:text="Stop Tracking" />
</RelativeLayout>

• Trong MainActivity.java startTracking() và stopTracking() dùng để bắt đầu và kết thúc nhận diện hành vi. BroadcastReceiver dùng để nhận kết quả nhận diện hành vi từ service.

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
 
import com.google.android.gms.location.DetectedActivity;
 
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 
    private String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();
    BroadcastReceiver broadcastReceiver;
 
    private TextView txtActivity, txtConfidence;
    private ImageView imgActivity;
    private Button btnStartTrcking, btnStopTracking;
 
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
 
        txtActivity = findViewById(R.id.txt_activity);
        txtConfidence = findViewById(R.id.txt_confidence);
        imgActivity = findViewById(R.id.img_activity);
        btnStartTrcking = findViewById(R.id.btn_start_tracking);
        btnStopTracking = findViewById(R.id.btn_stop_tracking);
 
        btnStartTrcking.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                startTracking();
            }
        });
 
        btnStopTracking.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                stopTracking();
            }
        });
 
        broadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
            @Override
            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                if (intent.getAction().equals(Constants.BROADCAST_DETECTED_ACTIVITY)) {
                    int type = intent.getIntExtra("type", -1);
                    int confidence = intent.getIntExtra("confidence", 0);
                    handleUserActivity(type, confidence);
                }
            }
        };
 
        startTracking();
    }
 
    private void handleUserActivity(int type, int confidence) {
        String label = getString(R.string.activity_unknown);
        int icon = R.drawable.ic_still;
 
        switch (type) {
            case DetectedActivity.IN_VEHICLE: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_in_vehicle);
                icon = R.drawable.ic_driving;
                break;
            }
            case DetectedActivity.ON_BICYCLE: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_on_bicycle);
                icon = R.drawable.ic_on_bicycle;
                break;
            }
            case DetectedActivity.ON_FOOT: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_on_foot);
                icon = R.drawable.ic_walking;
                break;
            }
            case DetectedActivity.RUNNING: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_running);
                icon = R.drawable.ic_running;
                break;
            }
            case DetectedActivity.STILL: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_still);
                break;
            }
            case DetectedActivity.TILTING: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_tilting);
                icon = R.drawable.ic_tilting;
                break;
            }
            case DetectedActivity.WALKING: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_walking);
                icon = R.drawable.ic_walking;
                break;
            }
            case DetectedActivity.UNKNOWN: {
                label = getString(R.string.activity_unknown);
                break;
            }
        }
 
        Log.e(TAG, "User activity: " + label + ", Confidence: " + confidence);
 
        if (confidence > Constants.CONFIDENCE) {
            txtActivity.setText(label);
            txtConfidence.setText("Confidence: " + confidence);
            imgActivity.setImageResource(icon);
        }
    }
 
    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
 
        LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).registerReceiver(broadcastReceiver,
                new IntentFilter(Constants.BROADCAST_DETECTED_ACTIVITY));
    }
 
    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
 
        LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).unregisterReceiver(broadcastReceiver);
    }
 
    private void startTracking() {
        Intent intent1 = new Intent(MainActivity.this, BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService.class);
        startService(intent1);
    }
 
    private void stopTracking() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, BackgroundDetectedActivitiesService.class);
        stopService(intent);
    }
}

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